اقیانوس‌نگاری در سال ۲۰۲۵ ۲۰۰۹
Oceanography in 2025 2009

1. COVER PAGE

2. THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

3. STEERING COMMITTEE ON OCEANOGRAPHY IN 2025: A WORKSHOP

4. OCEAN STUDIES BOARD

5. Preface

6. Contents

7. Introduction and Goals

8. Integrated Oceanography in 2025

9. Oceanography in 2028

10. The Changing Relationship Between Humans and the Ocean

11. Societal Implications for Ocean Research in 2025

12. Oceanography in 2025: Responding to Growing Populations on a Rapidly Changing Planet

13. Some Thoughts on Physical Oceanography in 2025

14. The Next-Generation Coupled Atmosphere-Wave-Ocean- Ice-Land Models for Ocean Research and Prediction

15. Science in Action, Episode 1: Exploring Boundaries

16. Real Time Decision Support Everywhere

17. Trends in Oceanography: More Data, More People, More Relevance

18. Future Developments to Observational Physical Oceanography

19. Prospects for Oceanography in 2025

20. Oceanography in 2025

21. Thoughts on Oceanography in 2025

22. The Role of Observations in the Future of Oceanography

23. The Future … One More Time

24. The Role of Acoustics in Ocean Observing Systems

25. Oceanography in 2025

26. Physical Oceanography in 2025

27. A Vision of Future Physical Oceanography Research

28. Some Thoughts on Logistics, Mixing, and Power

29. Ageostrophic Circulation in the Ocean

30. The Future of Ocean Modeling

31. Towards Nonhydrostatic Ocean Modeling with Large-eddy Simulation

32. Simulations of Marine Turbulence and Surface Waves: Potential Impacts of Petascale Technology

33. Computational Simulation and Submesoscale Variability

34. Ocean Measurements from Space in 2025

35. Future of Nearshore Processes Research

36. Future Directions in Nearshore Oceanography

37. Science Strategies for the Arctic Ocean

38. Submesoscale Variability of the Upper Ocean: Patchy and Episodic Fluxes Into and Through Biologically Active Layers

39. Who’s Blooming? Toward an Understanding of Why Certain Species Dominate Phytoplankton Blooms

40. Understanding Phytoplankton Bloom Development

41. From Short Food Chains to Complex Interaction Webs: Biological Oceanography in 2025

42. The Interface Between Biological and Physical Processes

43. Research on Higher Trophic Levels

44. Marine Biogeochemistry in 2025

45. Next-Generation Oceanographic Sensors for Short-Term Prediction/Verification of In-water Optical Conditions

46. Evolution of Autonomous Platform for Sustained Ocean Observations

47. Toward an Interdisciplinary Ocean Observing System in 2025

48. Small Scale Ocean Dynamics in 2025

49. Oceanography in 2025

50. The Research Vessel Problem

51. “Ocean Mapping” in 2025

52. Seismic Oceanography: Imaging Oceanic Finestructure with Reflection Seismology

53. The Ocean Planet 2.0: A Vision for 2025

54. Force Projection Through the Littoral Zone: Optical Considerations

55. Large Scale Phase-resolved Simulations of Ocean Surface Waves

56. Appendixes