هدف پنی سیلین: کیسه موراین در معماری و رشد دیواره سلولی باکتری ها. مجموعه مقالات سمپوزیوم بین المللی FEMS، برلین (غرب)، آلمان، ۱۳ تا ۱۸ مارس ۱۹۸۳ ۲۰۱۹
The Target of Penicillin: The Murein Sacculus of Bacterial Cell Walls Architecture and Growth. Proceedings International FEMS Symposium Berlin (West), Germany, March 13–18, 1983 2019

1. Preface

2. CONTENTS

3. CONTRIBUTORS AND PARTICIPANTS

4. INTRODUCTION

5. THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

6. PART I. PRIMARY AND THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF MUREIN

7. PRIMARY STRUCTURES OF MUREIN AND PSEUDOMUREIN

8. STRUCTURE OF THE PEPTIDOGLYCAN OF THE CYANOBACTERIUM SYNECHOCYSTIS PCC 6714

9. CHARACTERIZATION OF MUROPEPTIDES RELEASED FROM MUREIN OF CAULO-BACTER CRESCENTUS BY ENDO-N-ACETYLMURAMIDASE

10. THE ANALYSIS OF MUREIN COMPOSITION WITH HIGH-PRESSURE-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

11. THE ANIONIC NATURE AND SOME PERMEABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF MUREIN

12. ELECTROCHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL INTERACTIONS IN BACILLUS SPORE AND VEGETATIVE MUREINS

13. THE STATE OF ORDER OF BACTERIAL PEPTIDOGLYCAN

14. A THREE DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE MUREIN LAYER EXPLAINING ONE STEP OF ITS BIOSYNTHESIS BY SELF-ASSEMBLY

15. COMPUTER AIDED MOLECULAR MODELLING OF THE THREEDIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF BACTERIAL PEPTIDOGLYCAN

16. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE SUGAR CHAIN CONFORMATION IN MUREIN AND PSEUDOMUREIN

17. THE CONFORMATIONAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE PEPTIDE PART OF MUREIN - AN INFRARED AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY

18. DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF BACTERIAL CELL WALLS PROBED BY IN VIVO ¹⁵N NMR

19. A NOVEL AND RAPID METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING IMPORTANT CELL WALL PARAMETERS: FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

20. CALORIMETRIC STUDIES ON THE BINDING OF VANCOMYCIN - LIKE ANTIBIOTICS TO PEPTIDOGLYCAN

21. PART II. MODELS FOR THE GROWTH OF THE MUREIN SACCULUS

22. THE SHAPES OF GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS: VARI ABLE-T MODELS

23. MUREIN RING STRICTURE AND BIOSYNTHESIS IN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA: SOME TENTATIVE CONTEMPLATIONS

24. REGULATION OF THE INITIA1ICN AND OCMPLETICK OF ENVELOPE GRCWIH SITES IN STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM (ATCC 9790)

25. A NEW MODEL FDR GROWTH OF THE MUREIN SACCULUS

26. PEPTIDE CROSSBRIDGES IN THE MUREIN OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ARE BROKEN AND REFORMED AS THE BACTERIUM GROWS

27. A NOVEL HYPOTHESIS TO EXPLAIN REGULATION OF THE MUREIN SACCULUS SHAPE

28. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE CELL DIVISION MUTANTS OF STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM

29. PREMATURE DIVISION IN ESCHERICHIA COLI IN THE PRESENCE OF TRIS-EDTA

30. PART III. FUNCTION OF MUREIN HYDROLASES AND CONTROL OF MUREIN DEGRADATION

31. MUREIN HYDROLASES - ENZYMES IN SEARCH OF A PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTION?

32. THE AUTOLYTIC SYSTEM OF STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM

33. INTERACTION BETWEEN CHOLINE AND THE N-ACETYL-MURAMYL-L-ALANINEAMIDASE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE

34. THE INFLUENCE OF LIPOTEICHOIC ACIDS ON THE AUTOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

35. COENZYME A-GLUTATHIONE DISULFIDE: AN ENDOGENOUS INHIBITOR OF THE LYTIC ENZYMES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI

36. AUTOLYSIS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI INDUCTION AND CONTROL

37. EXPRESSION OF ØX174 LYSIS GENE CLONED INTO DIFFERENT PLASMIDS

38. LOCALISATION OF THE BACTERIOPHAGE ØX1.74 LYSIS GENE PRODUCT IN THE CELL ENVELOPE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

39. INDUCTION OF CELL LYSIS BY MECILLINAM PLUS NOCARDICIN A: ISOLATION AND PROPERTIES OF A TOLERANT MUTANT

40. INCREASED WALL AUTOLYSIS AND DECREASED PEPTIDOGLYCAN CROSSLINKING IN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS GROWN IN THE PRESENCE OF METHICILLIN

41. MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THERMOSENSITIVE LYSIS MUTANTS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS

42. CHARACTERISTICS OF TOLERANT GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI

43. CELL WALL METABOLISM IN LYT-MUTANTS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS

44. RESTORATION OF PENICILLIN-DAMAGED CELL WALLS BY DE NOVO MUREIN SYNTHESIS AND SUCCESSIVE MUREIN DEGRADATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCI, REVEALING A HITHERTO UNKNOWN MECHANISM OF PENICILLIN ACTION: BLOCKAGE OF AUTOLYTIC WALL PROCESSES BY PENICILLIN

45. β-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT TRIGGER THE ACTIVITIES OF AUTOLYSINS IN ETHER PERMEABILIZED ESCHERICHIA COLI

46. O-ACETYLATION AND HYDROLASES OF GONOCOCCAL PEPTIDOGLYCAN

47. ACETYLATION IN DIFFERENT PHASES OF GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCI AND THEIR RELATION TO CELL WALL DEGRADABILITY BY LYSOZYME

48. EFFECT OF PENICILLIN"AND CHLORAMPHENICOL-TREATMENT ON THE MUREIN IN STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE : ALTERATION IN STRUCTURE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MUREIN HYDROLASES

49. MICROCALORIMETRIC AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION ON STAPHYLOCOCCI BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT WITH PENICILLIN AND CHLORAMPHENICOL AND THEIR COMBINATIONS

50. CORRELATION OF CELL WALL TURNOVER AND AUTOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN FLA AND SUPERMOTILE MUTANTS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS

51. B. SUBTILIS W23/168 RECOMBINANTS WITH HYBRID CELL WALLS AND PHAGE RESISTANCE PATTERNS

52. PART IV. BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND MEDICAL ASPECTS OF MUREIN

53. IMMUNOMODULATING PROPERTIES OE NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC MUROPEPTIDES

54. THE IMMUNOCHEMISTRY OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN

55. A NEW MUREIN HYDROLASE IN HUMAN SERUM

56. LYSOZYME-RESISTANT Q-ACETYLATED PEPTIDOGLYCAN OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE : STRAIN VARIATION, RESISTANCE TO HUMAN PEPTIDOGLYCAN HYDROLASES, AND PATHOBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

57. THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT ANTIBIOTICS ON THE DEGREE OF O-ACETYLATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL CELL WALLS

58. CELL WALL DEGRADATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BY AUTOLYSINS AND LYSOZYME

59. CELL WALL DEGRADATION OF ANTIBIOTIC-TREATED STAPHYLOCOCCI UNDER PHAGOCYTE-SPECIFIC CONDITIONS: Distinction between Penicillin-Induced Lytic Effects and Wall Alterations Caused by Anticoagulants

60. INDUCED AUTOLYTIC WALL PROCESSES IN HEAT-INACTIVATED STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

61. CATIONIC POLYELECTROLYTES ACTIVATE AUTOLYTIC WALL ENZYMES IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS: Modulation by anionic polyelectrolytes in relation to the survival of bacterial constituents in tissues

62. PART V. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS

63. PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS AS TARGETS OF THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF β-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS

64. BINDING SPECIFICITIES OF PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS - A CONFORMATIONAL APPROACH

65. THE ACTIVE SITES OF THE D-ALANYL-D-ALANINE-CLEAVING PEPTIDASES

66. X-RAY STRUCTURE OF A PENICILLIN TARGET ENZYME

67. THE FINE ARCHITECTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE GENE CODING FOR PBP-3 OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

68. SEQUENCE OF PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEIN 5 OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

69. PURIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE Pseudomonas aeruginosa DD-ENDOPEPTIDASE AS A PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEIN

70. PURIFICATION OF PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS FROM STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE

71. CHARACTERIZATION OF PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS FROM STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE BY PROTEOLYSIS

72. DISTRIBUTION OF PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS WITHIN THE CELL ENVELOPE OF Escherichia coli

73. LABELLING AND CROSS-LINKING OF E. COLI PBPs WITH BIS-B-LACTAM AND PHOTOREACTIVE DERIVATIVES OF B-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS

74. TOPOLOGICAL INTERRELATION OF PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS IN E. COLI - A STUDY USING CLEAVABLE CROSS-LINKERS

75. ELECTROFOCUSING OF INTEGRAL BACTERIAL MEMBRANE PROTEINS WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO PBPs.

76. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CHANGES IN PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS THAT OCCUR DURING SPORULATION OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS

77. PATTERN OF PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS DURING THE LIFE CYCLE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

78. GROWTH DEPENDENT MODIFICATIONS OF THE PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS OF Escherichia coli : INFORMATION SUPPORTING THE GENERALITY OF THE PROCESS AND THE MULTIPLICITY OF MECHANISMS

79. RECOMBINANT PLASMIDS CARRYING PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEIN/CELL SHAPE GENES FROM THE lip-leuS REGION OF THE ESCHERICHIA COLI CHROMOSOME

80. SOME ASPECTS OF THE MECHANISM OF EXPRESSION OF PBP 3 IN E.coli

81. THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF BACTERIAL SHAPE AND SIMULTANEOUS BLOCKING OF PBP 2 AND 3 IN ESCHERICHIA COLI SP 45 AND ESCHERICHIA COLI SP 63

82. BENZYLPENICILLIN-RESISTANT MUTANTS OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS

83. STUDIES OF ß-LACTAM RESISTANCE IN STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM

84. BIOSYNTHESIS OF MUREIN (PEPTIDOGLYCAN)

85. ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN-CROSSBRIDGES IN E. COLI

86. NEW INSIGHTS IN THE PROCESS OF IN VITRO MUREIN SYNTHESIS IN E. COLI REVEALED BY MUREIN-ANALYSIS WITH HIGH-PRESSURE-LIQUIDCHROMATOGRAPHY

87. PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS AND PEPTIDOGLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS IN BACILLUS MEGATERIUM

88. FUNCTION OF PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEIN 3 IN STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM

89. THE ROLE OF A PROTEIN THAT BINDS PENICILLIN WITH SLOW KINETICS IN PHYSIO LOGY AND RESPONSE TO PENICILLIN OF STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM ATCC 9790

90. TRANSPEPTIDATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS WITH INTRINSIC RESISTANCE TO ß-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS ("METHICILLIN RESISTANCE")

91. PENICILLIN-SENSITIVE ENZYMES IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

92. VI. BIOSYNTHESIS OF MUREIN

93. PEPTIDOGLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS : CONTROL OF PRECURSOR SYNTHESIS AND INTERMEDIATES IN ASSEMBLY

94. CYTOPLASMIC STEPS OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS IN E. coli K 12

95. EFFECT OF DRUGS ON THE FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF INTERMEDIATES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI MUREIN BIOSYNTHESIS

96. THE EFFECT OF 6-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS ON MUREIN SYNTHESIS IN ETHER TREATED ESCHERICHIA COLI

97. COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS ON MUREIN SYNTHESIS OF ß-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AND D-AMINO ACIDS

98. Hildegard Criegee and Walter P. Hammes

99. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN IN GAFFKYA HOMARI: Processing of nascent glycan by reactivated membranes

100. THE INHIBITION OF IN VITRO SYNTHESIS OF MUREIN IN GAFFKYA HOMARI BY MONOCYCLIC ß-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS NOCARDICIN B,E AND AZTHREONAM

101. PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS IN VITRO BY PARTICULATE PREPARATION FROM Streptococcus sangui s 34

102. SYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN FROM EXTEENALLY SUPPLIED PBECUESOES BY PARTLY AUTOLYSED CELLS OP Bacillus subtilis W23

103. O-ACETYLATION OF MURAMIC ACID, BIOSYNTHESIS OF MUREIN AND THE EFFECT OF PENICILLIN G IN VIVO IN SYNCHRONIZED CELLS OF PROTEUS MIRABILIS

104. PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS

105. POTENTIAL SITES FOR THE COORDINATE CONTROL OF MUREIN AND TEICHOIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS IN S. PNEUMONIAE

106. MECHANISM OF STRINGENT CONTROL OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI

107. INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WALL AND MEMBRANE BIOSYNTHESIS

108. FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS OF COLICIN M

109. Author Index

110. Subject Index