مرزهای نوین در علم و کاربردهای عناصر خاکی کمیاب ۲۰۱۳
New Frontiers in Rare Earth Science and Applications 2013

1. Front Cover

2. New Frontiers in Rare Earth Science and Applications

3. Copyright Page

4. Table of Contents

5. CHAPTER 1. RARE EARTH LASERS

6. CHAPTER 2. THE STRUCTURE AND EXCITATION OF RARE-EARTH LUMINESCENCE CENTERS IN ZnS

7. CHAPTER 3. QUENCHING AND SENSITIZATION OF ŔARE EARTH LUMINESCENCE

8. CHAPTER 4. ENERGY TRANSFER FROM TRANSITION METAL TORARE EARTH IONS IN OXIDE LATTICES

9. CHAPTER 5. RARE EARTH SESQUISULFIDES: POTENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION MATERIALS

10. CHAPTER 6. ENERGY TRANSFER FROM THE HIGHER EXCITED STATES OF Mn TO Sm IN ZnS:Mn, Sm

11. CHAPTER 7. THE ENERGY LEVEL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TRIVALENT LANTHANIDE

12. CHAPTER 8. LUMINESCENCE OF MFX:Eu2+(M=Ca, Sr, Ba; X=Cl, Br, I)

13. CHAPTER 9. THE SIMILAR CENTERS OF ZnS: (Sm, Li)

14. CHAPTER 10. LUMINESCENCE CENTERS IN ZnS:Nd, Na

15. CHAPTER 11. EXCITATION OF THE LUMINESCENCE OF TRIVALENT LANTHANIDES IN SULFIDES THROUGH CHARGE TRANSFER OR f → d TRANSITIONS

16. CHAPTER 12. X-RAY INDUCED THERMALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE OF NaYF4 PHOSPHORS DOPED WITH RARE EARTHS

17. CHAPTER 13. LUMINESCENCE OF RARE EARTH DOPED BaMgf4 UNDER UV AND X-RAYS

18. CHAPTER 14. GAMMA RAY INDUCED THERMOLUMINESCENCE OF BaFC1 CRYSTALS DOPED WITH RARE EARTH IONS

19. CHAPTER 15. EXCITATION SPECTRA AND FORWARD INJECTION ELECTROLUMINESCENCE OF Er3+ IONS IN ZnS

20. CHAPTER 16. PREPARATION AND LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF CaS: Sm PHOSPHORS

21. CHAPTER 17. ENERGY TRANSFER FROM Tb3+ TO Ce3+ IN CaS:Ce, Tb

22. CHAPTER 18. THE FLUORESCENT PROPERTIES OF Tb3+ AND CROSS RELAXATION BETWEEN Dy3+ AND Tb3+ IN Dyx TbyY1- x-y Ρ5O14 CRYSTALS

23. CHAPTER 19. THE LUMINESCENCE OF Ce3+ IN SOME SULPHUR COMPOUNDS

24. CHAPTER 20. PARAMETRIZATION OF 4f-4f TRANSITION PROBABILITIES OFNa5Eu (MO4)4 (M = Mo, W) HOSTS

25. CHAPTER 21. APPLICATION OF THE "THREE PARAMETERS" THEORY TO THE CRYSTAL FIELD CALCULATION OF SCHEELITE RELATED RARE EARTH NOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES

26. CHAPTER 22. Direct Observation of a Crossing of Crystal Field Levels

27. CHAPTER 23. SPECTRA INTENSITY PARAMETER OF Dy P5O14 SINGLE CRYSTALS

28. CHAPTER 24. SYNTHESIS, COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE AND LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF M2R SbO6:Eu3+(M=Ba,Sr,Ca; R=La,Gd,Y,Bi) COMPLEX OXIDE

29. CHAPTER 25. INVESTIGATION OF FLUORESCENCE PROPERTIES OF EUROPIUM 2-NAPHTHOYLTRIFLUOROACETONATE AND 2-FURANOYLTRIFLUO-ROACETINATE CHELATE

30. CHAPTER 26. INVESTIGATION OF Er3↔ Tm3+ ENERGY TRANSFERS IN LaOBr:Er,Tm

31. CHAPTER 27. INFRARED TRANSITIONS IN LaOBr:Er3+ , Tm3 PHOSPHORS

32. CHAPTER 28. OPTIMIZATION OF COLOR RENDERING PROPERTIES OF FLUORESCENT LAMPS AND THEIR SPECTRAL POWER DISTRIBUTION

33. CHAPTER 29. A NEW WAY TO IMPROVE THE LUMINOUS EFFICIENCY OF FLUORESCENT LÁMPS

34. CHAPTER 30. ON THE LUMINESCENCE OF PEROVSKITE TYPE RARE EARTH GALLATES

35. CHAPTER 31. LUMINESCENCE BEHAVIOR OF TERBIUM CHELATES

36. CHAPTER 32. LUMINESCENCE LIFE TIME, A TOOL FOR STUDY OF COMPLEX FORMATION

37. CHAPTER 33. ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF CATHODOLUMINESCENT RARE EARTH IONS IN THIN FILMS

38. CHAPTER 34. A REVIEW OF RARE-EARTH PERMANENT MAGNETS, APPLICATIONS AND PROSPECTS

39. CHAPTER 35. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF RARE EARTH INTERMETALLICS

40. CHAPTER 36. NEODYMI UM-I RON-BORON PERMANENT MAGNETS BY RAPID SOLIDIFICATION

41. CHAPTER 37. Ce-DIDYMIUM-Fe-B SINTERED PERMANENT MAGNETS

42. CHAPTER 38. MAGNETIC MOMENTS AND COERCIVITIES OF (Fe1_xNdx)94B6 METALLIC GLASSES

43. CHAPTER 39. THE MAGNETIC MOMENT OF HEAVY RARE EARTH METALS

44. CHAPTER 40. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOME PSEUDOBINARY Gd2Co7- BASED COMPOUNDS

45. CHAPTER 41. LPE GROWTH OF NARROW LINEWIDTH SINGLE CRYSTAL FILMS OF La3+-DOPED YIG

46. CHAPTER 42. THE EFFECT OF IRON SUBSTITUTION ON THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Y2Fe14B-BASED COMPOUNDS

47. CHAPTER 43. A NEW TYPE OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COBALT FREE PERMANENT MAGNETS

48. CHAPTER 44. SOME CONSIDERATION CONCERNING THE MAGNETISM OF R2Fe14B COMPOUNDS

49. CHAPTER 45. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF R2Fe14Β MEASURED ON SINGLE CRYSTALS

50. CHAPTER 46. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF R2Fe14B SINGLE CRYSTALS

51. CHAPTER 47. MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY OF NEODYMIUM-IRON-BORON ALLOYS

52. CHAPTER 48. MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY OF R15B7Fe78

53. CHAPTER 49. LANTHANIDE IRON MAGNETS

54. CHAPTER 50. RESONANCE STUDIES ON SOME RARE-EARTH COMPOUNDS

55. CHAPTER 51. MAGNETISM AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE

56. CHAPTER 52. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF R2Co17-xMx PSEUDO-BINARY COMPOUNDS (R=Sm, Er)

57. CHAPTER 53. A STUDY OF NEW SUBSTITUTED Nd-B-Fe MAGNETS

58. CHAPTER 54. Magnetic Characteristics of (R,R1)KFe14B Systems (R = Nd, R' = Er,Dy)

59. CHAPTER 55. MOSSBAUER STUDIES OF Nd-Fe-B ALLOYS

60. CHAPTER 56. A PULSE-ALIGNMENT, HEAT-TREATABLE DIE PROCESS FOR MAKING Co5Sm MAGNETS

61. CHAPTER 57. THE MAGNETOSTRICTION OF AMORPHOUS ALLOYS TbFe2, SmCo5 and Sm2 Co17

62. CHAPTER 58. THE DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF THE REPM PILOT EXCITER FOR A HUGE TURBOGENERATOR

63. CHAPTER 59. FLUX DISTRIBUTION OF RADIALLY ORIENTED MULTI-POLE MAGNET RING FOR HIGH PRECISION MINI MOTORS

64. CHAPTER 60. RARE EARTH-COBALT PERMANENT MAGNET FORCE MOTOR

65. CHAPTER 61. Performance Analysis of Samarium Cobalt Ρ· Μ. Synchronous Motor Fed From PWM Inverters

66. CHAPTER 62. THE DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF THE Nd-Fe-B PERMANENT MAGNET D.C. MOTOR

67. CHAPTER 63. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAGNETIC OVERSHOT

68. CHAPTER 64. A STUDY OF COERCIVITY DROPPING AT 750°C IN SmCo5 MAGNETS

69. CHAPTER 65. STUDIES OF MAGNESIUM RICH RARE-EARTH ALLOYS ON HYDROGEN ABSORPTION IN VACUUM

70. CHAPTER 66. STORAGE & COMPRESSION OF HYDROGEN USING LANTHANUM ALLOYS

71. CHAPTER 67. MICROCAPSULATED RARE EARTH - NICKEL HYDRIDE-FORMING MATERIALS

72. CHAPTER 68. CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS AND HYDROGEN STORAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF MISCHMETAL-NICKEL COMPOUNDS

73. CHAPTER 69. A NEW INTERMEDIATE HYDRIDE IN LaNis-H2 SYSTEM

74. CHAPTER 70. AN X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY ON PHASE TRANSITION OF LATTICE GAS IN LaNi5Hn

75. CHAPTER 71. EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN ABSORPTION ON ELECTRIC RESISTIVITIES OF LaNi5, SmCo5 AND LaCo5 FILMS

76. CHAPTER 72. LaNi5 HYDROGEN STORAGE DEVICE AND ITSEFFICIENCY OF PURIFICATION

77. CHAPTER 73. A STUDY OF THE DEHYDRIDING KINETICS OF RARE EARTH MAGNESIUM ALLOYS

78. CHAPTER 74. INVESTIGATION OF SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION OF HYDROGEN BY USING La-RICH MMNi5 HYDRIDE

79. CHAPTER 75. MOLTEN SALT ELECTROWINNING OF RARE-EARTHAND YTTRIUM METALS AND ALLOYS

80. CHAPTER 76. THE DEVELOPMENT OF PYROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSING OF RARE EARTHS AND ITS PROBLEMS

81. CHAPTER 77. SOME PROGRESS IN STUDY ON PREPARATION OF RARE EARTH METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS BY FUSED SALT ELECTROLYSIS IN CHINA

82. CHAPTER 78. SURVEY RESEARCH ON RARE EARTH ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS

83. CHAPTER 79. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN USA RARE EARTH TECHNOLOGY

84. CHAPTER 80. THE EFFECTS OF RARE EARTH ON THE OXIDATION KINETICS OF COPPER

85. CHAPTER 81. PHYSICOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ELECTROWINING OF MISCHMETAL-ALUMINIUM ALLOYS WITH RECL -KC1 NaCl MOLTEN SALT AT LOWER TEMPERATURE

86. CHAPTER 82. STUDIES ON SURFACE TENSION, DENSITY AND VISCOSITY OF LnC13 -KC1 NaC1 MELTS(Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm)

87. CHAPTER 83. A STUDY OF AGEING EFFECT ON AN AL-MG-SI ALLOY CONTAINING RARE EARTH METALS

88. CHAPTER 84. THE CRITICAL COOLING VELOCITY OF RARE-EARTH MODIFIED A1-Si EUTECTIC ALLOY AND THE COMBINED EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM AND RARE-EARTH ON THE MODIFICATION

89. CHAPTER 85. A STUDY OF SOME THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN LIQUID NICKEL AND ALUMINUM

90. CHAPTER 86. THE TECHNOLOGY AND INSTALLATION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE CHLORINATION OF BAOTOU HIGH-GRADE RARE EARTH CONCENTRATE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ANHYDROUS RARE EARTH CHLORIDES

91. CHAPTER 87. AN INVESTIGATION ON MELTING POINT AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF FLUORIDE-LANTHANA MELT

92. CHAPTER 88. THE SOLUBILITY OF SOME RARE-EARTH OXIDES IN CRYOLITE-ALUMINA BASED MELTS

93. CHAPTER 89. PREPARATION OF RE-Mg-Si ALLOYS BY SILICO THERMOREDUCTION OF DOLOMITE

94. CHAPTER 90. RARE EARTH FERROSILICON ALLOY

95. CHAPTER 91. THE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMODYNAMICS OF THE La-O-F AND Ce-O-F SYSTEMS

96. CHAPTER 92. THE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMODYNAMICS OF THE La-O-S SYSTEM

97. CHAPTER 93. EFFECT OF RARE EARTH ON THE QUALITY AND PROPERTIES OF HOT-ROLLED STEEL STRIPS

98. CHAPTER 94. A STUDY OF RE-Si-Fe and CaSi POWDER INJECTION

99. CHAPTER 95. CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOR OF RARE EARTH INCLUSIONS IN STEEL IN THE LADLE

100. CHAPTER 96. ACCUMULATION OF INCLUSIONS AND SEGREGATION IN RE TREATED STEEL

101. CHAPTER 97. RARE EARTHS IN IRON AND STEELMAKING AND GASEOUS DESULPHURISATION

102. CHAPTER 98. INTERACTION BETWEEN YTTRIUM AND OXYGEN, SULPHUR, CARBON IN LIQUID IRON

103. CHAPTER 99. [Ce]-[O]-[S] PRECIPITATION DIAGRAM IN LIQUID IRON AND ITS APPLICATION

104. CHAPTER 100. ACTIVITY OF RE2O3 IN LIQUID La2O3C-A12O3-CaF2 AND Ce2O3-CaO-CaF SLAGS

105. CHAPTER 101. THE INFLUENCE OF CERIUM ON-THE EQUILIBRIUM GRAIN BOUNDARY SEGREGATION OF ANTIMONY AND THE GRAIN BOUNDARY MIGRATION IN PURE IRON

106. CHAPTER 102. EFFECT OF La ON THE ISOTHERMAL EMBRITTLEMENT OF P-DOPED Ni-Cr STEEL

107. CHAPTER 103. THE ROLE OF RARE EARTHS IN LOW SULFUR 16Mn STEELS

108. CHAPTER 104. EFFECT OF REM ON FORMABILITY AND TOUGHNESS OF TOOL STEEL

109. CHAPTER 105. INFLUENCE OF RE ON FATIGUE LIFE OF STEEL

110. CHAPTER 106. INFLUENCE OF RARE EARTH OXIDES ON THE OXIDATION BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIDE COATING ON MILD STEEL

111. CHAPTER 107. EFFECTS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS ON SOLIDIFICATION OF STEELS

112. CHAPTER 108. EFFECT OF RARE EARTHS ON THE AGING RESISTANCE OF S2OA STEEL

113. CHAPTER 109. THE EFFECT OF THE RARE EARTH ELEMENTS ON A STEEL USED IN SOUR GAS WELL

114. CHAPTER 110. EFFECT OF RARE EARTHS ON CRACK-RESISTANCE OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL WELD METAL

115. CHAPTER 111. THE MECHANISM OF IMPROVEMENT IN THE CREEP-RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF Cr18Ni18Si2 AUSTENITIC STEEL BY RARE EARTH ADDITION

116. CHAPTER 112. A STUDY ON APPLICATION OF RARE EARTH METALS IN HEAT RESISTANT STEELS

117. CHAPTER 113. THE EFFECT OF RARE EARTHS ON THE OVERHEATING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE "CLEAN STEEL" WITH LOW S

118. CHAPTER 114. BCIRA WORK ON THE EFFECT OF CERIUM IN CAST IRONS

119. CHAPTER 115. INFLUENCE OF RARE EARTH ADDITION TO ALUMINIUM- SILICON ALLOYS AND ALUMINIUM BRONZES

120. CHAPTER 116. BEHAVIOR OF THE CERIUM AND ITS ALLOYS FOR SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON

121. CHAPTER 117. PRODUCTION OF CV CAST IRON USING HIGH SULPHUR CONTAINED CUPOLA MOLTEN IRON

122. CHAPTER 118. A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF RARE EARTH IN SPHEROIDAL AND VERMICULAR GRAPHITE CAST IRONS

123. CHAPTER 119. CONTENT AND MICRODISTRIBUTION OF CERIUM IN VARIOUS PHASES OF CAST IRON

124. CHAPTER 120. ROLE OF YTTRIUM IN HEAVY SECTION SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON

125. CHAPTER 121. SOME RARE EARTH CONTAINING INOCULANTS FOR GRAY CAST IRON

126. CHAPTER 122. THE FEATURE OF RCA INOCULANT AND ITS APPLICATION TO PRODUCE THIN- WALLED AS-CAST FERRITIC NODULAR IRON CASTINGS

127. CHAPTER 123. THE MODIFICATION EFFECT BY MICROADDITION OF MISCH METAL IN A EUTECTIC Al-Si PISTON ALLOY

128. CHAPTER 124. APPLICATION OF CERIUM IN A CAST TITANIUM ALLOY

129. CHAPTER 125. AN INVESTIGATION ON CREEP PROPERTIES AT 300°C OF Mg-Y-Zn-Zr CAST ALLOYS

130. CHAPTER 126. EFFECT OF MISCH METAL ON SOLIDIFIED STRUCTURE AND BRIGHTNESS OF Al-Mg ALLOY

131. CHAPTER 127. THE VERMICULIZING EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL RARE EARTH ELEMENTS La, Ce, Pr AND Nd ON GRAPHITE IN CAST IRON

132. CHAPTER 128. A STUDY ON PRODUCING HEAVY-SECTION VERMICULAR GRAPHITE IRON (VGI) CASTINGS WITH RARE-EARTHS

133. CHAPTER 129. MASS PRODUCTION OF COMPACTED/VERMICULAR GRAPHITE(C/V) CAST IRON EXHAUST MANIFOLD BY USING RARE EARTH (RE) CONTAINING ALLOY

134. CHAPTER 130.THE METALLURGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF RARE EARTH CONTAINING NODULIZER IN MOLTEN IRON

135. CHAPTER 131. AN INVESTIGATION ON PRODUCING SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON BY THE METHOD OF INJECTING RARE EARTH FREE-SILICON ALLOY PARTICLES

136. CHAPTER 132. APPLICATION OF RARE EARTHS IN CAST ALLOYS IN CHINA

137. CHAPTER 133. AN INVESTIGATION ON THE REDUCTION OF CRACK INCrMoV STEEL CASTINGS BY ADDING RE METALS

138. CHAPTER 134. The Effect of Rare Earths on Nucleation in Cast Iron

139. CHAPTER 135. A STUDY ON CRYSTALLIZATION PROPERTY OF OPTICAL GLASSES IN RO-ZrO2 -La2O3-SiO2-B2O3 SYSTEM

140. CHAPTER 136. APPLICATION OF RARE EARTHS IN GLASSES FOR LASERS AND LUMINESCENT SOLAR CONCENTRATORS

141. CHAPTER 137. RARE EARTH SULFIDE AND OXYSULFIDE GLASSES

142. CHAPTER 138. STUDY OF RARE EARTH AS SUSPENDING AGENT IN ENAMEL SLIP

143. CHAPTER 139. APPLICATION OF LANTHANUM IN FIBER OPTICAL GLASS WITH HIGH REFRACTION AND EXTENDED ULTRAVIOLET TRANSMISSION

144. CHAPTER 140. APPLICATION OF SCANDIUM OXIDE IN AN ELECTRON EMISSION MATERIAL

145. CHAPTER 141. THE COLORING EFFECT OF PRASEODYMIUM CARBONATE COMBINED WITH TRANSITION METAL IONS IN Na2O-CaO-SiO2 GLASS SYSTEM

146. CHAPTER 142. FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF LANTHANUM-CONTAINING FLUOROZIRCONATE GLASSES

147. CHAPTER 143. SPECTRAL ABSORPTION OF RARE EARTH IONS IN SILICA GLASSES

148. CHAPTER 144. STRUCTURAL ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATION OF VIOLET CHAMELEONIC GLAZE CONTAINING NEODYMIA

149. CHAPTER 145. THE APPLICATION OF RARE EARTH COMPOUND IN THE DECOLORING AND COLORING OF GLÁSS

150. CHAPTER 146. STUDIES ON THE APPLICATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS TO FRUIT TREES AND WATERMELON PLANTS

151. CHAPTER 147. STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF REAR EARTH ELEMENTS ON THE YIELD OF WHEAT

152. CHAPTER 148. STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF RARE EARTHS TO RUBBER TREES

153. CHAPTER 149. SOLUBLE RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN SOILS

154. CHAPTER 150. THE EFFECT OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS ON NODULA- TION AND NITROGEN FIXATION OF SOYBEAN PLANTS

155. CHAPTER 151. THE RESULTS OF APPLYING RARE EARTH ELEMENTS TO RICE AND OTHER CROPS

156. CHAPTER 152. PRESENT AND FUTURE SITUATION OF RARE EARTH RESEARCH IN CHINESE AGRONOMY

157. CHAPTER 153. EFFECTS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PHOTOFIXATION OF NITROGEN IN ANABAENA AZOTICA

158. CHAPTER 154. THE INVESTIGATION OF MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY FROM RARE EARTH COMPOUNDS

159. CHAPTER 155. SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATIONS OF DIARYL (ALKYL) PHOSPHINEOXIDES OF SOME LANTHANONS