راهنمای استخراج و آماده سازی اسپرم در روش های کمک باروری انسانی ۲۰۲۱
Manual of Sperm Retrieval and Preparation in Human Assisted Reproduction 2021

"The field of male infertility has witnessed major clinical advancements in recent years, and perhaps the most important of these was the development of testicular sperm retrieval procedures that allowed men with azoospermia to father their biological children. Epididymal sperm retrieval procedures were first performed in the 1980s for men with obstructive azoospermia. The realization that men with nonobstructive azoospermia may indeed have focal areas of testicular sperm production together with the documented fertilizing ability of testicular spermatozoa allowed the development of testicular sperm retrieval procedures in the 1990s. Subsequently, testicular sperm retrieval underwent further refinement with the introduction of microsurgery, which improved the sperm retrieval rate and at the same time reduced the potential adverse impact of surgery on testicular parenchyma. Extensive research has been conducted in attempts to study the predictors of positive sperm retrieval, hoping to increase the outcome of surgical sperm retrieval procedures. This manual presents recent advancements in the surgical management of azoospermia patients. It is divided into three parts: Part I serves as an introduction presenting important anatomic and physiologic aspects of the reproductive tract and demonstrating the ideal methods for evaluating candidates of sperm retrieval. Part II elaborates on the surgical techniques of sperm retrieval in a variety of clinical scenarios. Moreover, it investigates the predictors of successful sperm retrieval and explores methods for enhancing sperm retrieval outcomes. Finally, Part III focuses on the laboratory handling of retrieved sperm and sperm cryopreservation, and explores future directions aimed at optimizing embryologists' work in the lab. We are confident that our book will be a useful guide for reproductive surgeons, IVF specialists, embryologists, and other healthcare workers practicing reproductive medicine. In addition, it will be a valuable resource for students and researchers wishing to learn more about this subject. We are greatly thankful to large number of experts who worked hard to contribute the latest, well written, and well researched articles; this book would not be possible without their active support. We wish to express our deep gratitude to the superb organizational and management skills of Camille Lee-Own, publishing assistant at Cambridge University Press, and the overall support and supervision of this project by Nick Dunton, publisher at Cambridge University Press. This book is dedicated to our parents, families, mentors, and patients"--